Staff Profile

Area of expertise: Agriculture and Food Systems

Google Scholar profile

Research Interests

• Environmental valuation: e.g. contingent valuation; travel-cost methods; hedonic pricing.
• Discrete choice methodologies.
• The social and economic impacts of land use change
• Recreational economics.
• Agri-environment policy and associated measures.
• Biodiversity conservation, particularly costs and benefits of associated management.
• Water quality - issues and policies.
• Sustainability appraisal.
• Focus group research into environmental values.
• Stakeholder analysis to inform policy and practice around natural resource use
• Economics of multi-use forestry.
• Valuation of culture and heritage.
• Counterurbanisation.

Undergraduate Teaching

• NES2101Landscape, Culture and Heritage [Module Leader]
• NES2102 Agricultural Economics and Policy [Module contributor]
• NES3104 Countryside Management [Module Leader]
• NES3112 Sustainability and Environmental Values [Module Leader]
• NES3108 Dissertation [Module Leader]

• Articles

  • Kato Isake Y, Garrod G, Hubbard C. Trusted Brokers in Farmland Markets: A Case Study in Rural Scotland. Journal of Rural Studies 2026, 123, 104075.
  • Teng-viel Karbo R, Frewer LJ, Areal FJ, Boaitey A, Jones G, Garrod G. Investigating Farmers’ Intention to Adopt Renewable Energy Technology for Farming: Determinants of Decision Making in Northern Ghana. Agricultural & Rural Studies 2025, 3(1), 1-25.
  • Olumba CN, Garrod GD, Areal F. Analysis of the enabling environment for delivering land degradation neutrality in Nigeria: perspectives from the sub-national to local level. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 2025, 68(9), 2242-2263.
  • Olumba CN, Garrod GD, Areal F. Time Preferences, Land Tenure Security and the Adoption of Sustainable Land Management Practices in Southeast Nigeria. Sustainability 2024, 16(5), 1747.
  • Medani KR, Neill A, Garrod G, Ojo M, Hubbard MC. Societal perceptions and attitudes towards genetically modified (GM) crops, feed, and food products in the Middle East, North Africa, and Turkey (MENAT) region: A systematic literature review. Food Quality and Preference 2024, 117, 105148.
  • Medani KR, Neill A, Garrod G, Ojo M, Hubbard C. Societal perceptions and attitudes towards genetically modified (GM) crops, feed, and food products in the Middle East, North Africa, and Turkey (MENAT) region: A systematic literature review. Food Quality and Preference 2024, 17, 105148.
  • Ogawa K, Garrod G, Yagi H. Sustainability strategies and stakeholder management for upland farming. Land Use Policy 2023, 131, 106707.
  • Panzone L, Garrod G, Adinolfi F, Di Pasquale J. Molecular marketing, personalised information and willingness-to-pay for functional foods: Vitamin D enriched eggs. Journal of Agricultural Economics 2022, 73(3), 666-689.
  • Othman MS, Garrod G, Oughton E. Farming groups and empowerment of women smallholder farmers. Development in Practice 2021, 31(5), 676-689.
  • Othman MS, Oughton E, Garrod G. Significance of farming groups for resource access and livelihood improvement of rural smallholder women farmers. Development in Practice 2020, 30(5), 586-598.
  • Tiwasing P, Dawson P, Garrod G. The relationship between micronutrient intake and labour productivity: Evidence from rice-farming households in Thailand. Outlook on Agriculture 2019, 48(1), 58-65.
  • Austin RA, Garrod GD, Thompson N. The impact and legacy of the Otterburn Public Inquiry, Northumberland National Park, England. Northern History 2018, 55(1), 92-110.
  • Yagi H, Garrod GD. The future of agriculture in the shrinking suburbs: The impact of real estate income and housing costs. Land Use Policy 2018, 76, 812-822.
  • Tiwasing P, Dawson P, Garrod G. Food Security of Rice-Farming Households in Thailand: A Logit Analysis. Journal of Developing Areas 2018, 52(1), 85-89.
  • Gkartzios M, Remoundou K, Garrod G. Emerging geographies of mobility: The role of regional towns in Greece's ‘counterurbanisation story’. Journal of Rural Studies 2017, 55, 22–32.
  • Austin R, Thompson N, Garrod GD. Understanding the factors underlying partnership working: a case study of the Northumberland National Park, England. Land Use Policy 2016, 50, 115-124.
  • Remoundou K, Gkartzios M, Garrod G. Conceptualizing Mobility in Times of Crisis: Towards Crisis-Led Counterurbanization?. Regional Studies 2016, 50(10), 1663-1674.
  • Austin R, Garrod G, Thompson N. Assessing the performance of the national park authorities: a case study of Northumberland National Park, England. Public Money & Management 2016, 36(5), 325-332.
  • Lastro-Bravo XB, Hubbard MC, Garrod GD, Tolon-Becerra A. What drives farmers' participation in EU agri-environmental schemes? Results from a qualitative meta-analysis. Environmental Science & Policy 2015, 54, 1-9.
  • Oueslati W, Garrod GD, Alvanides S. Determinants of urban sprawl in European cities. Urban Studies 2015, 52(9), 1594-1614.
  • Thompson N, Garrod GD, Raley ME. Planning and Sustainable Land Management in England's National Parks. eco.mont 2014, 6(1), 67-70.
  • Garrod GD, Ruto ESK, Willis KG, Powe NA. Investigating Preferences for the Local Delivery of Agri-environment Benefits. Journal of Agricultural Economics 2014, 67(1), 177-190.
  • Garrod GD, Raley ME, Aznar O, Bacqueiro-Espinosa O, Barreteau O, Gomez M, Schaft F, Turpin N. Engaging Stakeholders in Planning and Decision making through Participatory Modelling: Lessons from Three European Case Studies. Engineering Sustainability 2013, 166(2), 75-84.
  • Garrod GD, Ruto E, Willis KG, Powe NA. Heterogeneity of preferences for the benefits of Environmental Stewardship: A latent-class approach. Ecological Economics 2012, 76, 104-111.
  • Keeling LJ, Immink V, Hubbard C, Garrod G, Edwards SA, Ingenbleek P. Designing animal welfare policies and monitoring progress. Animal Welfare 2012, 21(supplement 1), 95-105.
  • Ruto E, Garrod G. Investigating farmers' preferences for the design of agri-environment schemes: a choice experiment approach. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 2009, 52(5), 631-647.
  • Garrod GD. Greening the CAP: how the improved design and implementation of agri-environment schemes can enhance the delivery of environmental benefits. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 2009, 52, 571-574.
  • Garrod GD, Ruto ESK, Snowden P. Assessing the value of forest landscapes: a 'choice experiment' approach. Arboricultural Journal 2009, 32(3), 189-211.
  • Ruto E, Garrod G, Scarpa R. Valuing animal genetic resources: A choice modeling application to indigenous cattle in Kenya. Agricultural Economics 2008, 38(1), 89-98.
  • Stapleton LM, Garrod GD. The Commitment to Development Index: An Information Theory approach. Ecological Economics 2008, 66(2-3), 461-467.
  • Stapleton LM, Garrod GD. Policy preceding possibility? Examining headline composite sustainability indicators in the United Kingdom. Social Indicators Research 2008, 87(3), 495-502.
  • Yagi H, Garrod GD. Impact analysis of the EU decoupling policy with agricultural-geographic information: an application to Less Favoured Areas (LFAs) in Northern England. Studies in Regional Science 2008, 38(3), 709-718.
  • Stapleton LM, Garrod GD. Do we ecologically model what we economically value?. Ecological Economics 2008, 65(3), 531-537.
  • Hubbard C, Bourlakis M, Garrod G. Pig in the middle: Farmers and the delivery of farm animal welfare standards. British Food Journal 2007, 109(11), 919-930.
  • Stapleton LM, Garrod GD. Keeping things simple: Why the Human Development Index should not diverge from its equal weights assumption. Social Indicators Research 2007, 84(2), 179-188.
  • Garrod GD, Garratt J, Kennedy A, Willis KG. A mixed methodology framework for the assessment of the Voluntary Initiative. Pest Management Science 2007, 63(2), 157-170.
  • Powe NA, Willis KG, Garrod GD. Difficulties in valuing street light improvement: Trust, surprise and bound effects. Applied Economics 2006, 38(4), 371-381.
  • Yagi H, Garrod G. An empirical application of the linear programming model to agricultural land uise planning: A valuation of externalities on farmland plots from unused land. International Journal of Biodiversity Science and Management 2006, 2(3), 227-231.
  • Powe NA, Garrod GD, McMahon PL. Mixing methods within stated preference environmental valuation: Choice experiments and post-questionnaire qualitative analysis. Ecological Economics 2005, 52(4), 513-526.
  • Willis KG, Powe NA, Garrod GD. Estimating the value of improved street lighting: A factor analytical discrete choice approach. Urban Studies 2005, 42(12), 2289-2303.
  • Powe NA, Wadsworth WA, Garrod GD, McMahon PL. Putting action into biodiversity planning: Assessing preferences towards funding. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 2004, 47(2), 287-301.
  • Hope RA, Garrod GD. Household preferences to water policy interventions in rural South Africa. Water Policy 2004, 6(6), 487-499.
  • Powe NA, Garrod GD, McMahon PL, Willis KG. Assessing customer preferences for water supply options using mixed methodology choice experiments. Water Policy 2004, 6(5), 427-441.
  • Strazzera E, Scarpa R, Calia P, Garrod GD, Willis KG. Modelling zero values and protest responses in contingent valuation surveys. Applied Economics 2003, 35(2), 133-138.
  • Willis KG, McMahon PL, Garrod GD, Powe NA. Water companies' service performance and environmental trade-offs. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 2002, 45(3), 363-379.
  • Garrod GD, Scarpa R, Willis KG. Estimating the Benefits of Traffic Calming on Through Routes: A Choice Experiment Approach. Journal of Transport Economics and Policy 2002, 36(2), 211-231.
  • Scarpa R, Willis KG, Garrod GD. Estimating Benefits for Effective Enforcement of Speed Reduction from Dichotomous-Choice CV : The Case of Rural Trunk Roads. Environmental and Resource Economics 2001, 20(4), 281-304.
  • Garrod GD, Willis KG. Economic approaches to valuing the environmental costs and benefits of mineral and aggregate extraction. Minerals and Energy 2000, 15(4), 12-20.
  • Garrod GD, Willis KG. Economic approaches to valuing the environmental costs and benefits of mineral and aggregate extraction. Minerals and Energy - Raw Materials Report 2000, 15(4), 12-20.
  • Tipple AG, Masters GA, Garrod GD. An assessment of the decision to extend government-built houses in developing countries. Urban Studies 2000, 37(9), 1605-1617.
  • Garrod GD, Willis KG. Methodological issues in valuing the benefits of environmentally sensitive areas. Journal of Rural Studies 1999, 15(1), 111-117.
  • Tipple G, Korboe D, Garrod GD, Willis KG. Housing supply in Ghana: A study of Accra, Kumasi and Berekum. Progress in Planning 1999, 51(4), 253-324.
  • Willis KG, Garrod GD. Externalities from extraction of aggregates: regulation by tax or land-use controls. Resources Policy 1999, 25(2), 77-86.
  • Willis KG, Garrod GD. Angling and recreation values of low-flow alleviation in rivers. Journal of Environmental Management 1999, 57(2), 71-83.
  • Tipple AG, Korboe D, Willis KG, Garrod GD. Who is building what in urban Ghana? Housing supply in three towns. Cities 1998, 15(6), 399-416.
  • Willis KG, Garrod GD. Water companies and river environments: the external costs of water abstraction. Utilities Policy 1998, 7(1), 35-45.
  • Garrod GD, Willis KG. Using contingent ranking to estimate the loss of amenity value for inland waterways from public utility service structures. Environmental and Resource Economics 1998, 12(2), 241-247.
  • Garrod GD, Willis KG. Estimating lost amenity due to landfill waste disposal. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 1998, 22(1-2), 83-95.
  • Willis KG, Garrod GD, Harvey DR. A review of cost-benefit analysis as applied to the evaluation of new road proposals in the UK. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 1998, 3(3), 141-156.
  • Powe NA, Garrod GD, Brunsdon CF, Willis KG. Using a geographic information system to estimate an hedonic price model of the benefits of woodland access. Forestry 1997, 70(2), 139-149.
  • Garrod GD, Willis KG. The recreational value of tropical forests in Malaysia. Journal of World Forest Resource Management 1997, 8(2), 183-201.
  • Garrod GD, Willis KG. The non-use benefits of enhancing forest biodiversity: A contingent ranking study. Ecological Economics 1997, 21(1), 45-61.
  • Willis KG, Garrod GD. Electricity supply reliability: Estimating the value of lost load. Energy Policy 1997, 25(1), 97-103.
  • Willis KG, Garrod GD. Disamenity externalities from utility networks. Utilities Policy 1997, 6(1), 35-41.
  • Tipple AG, DT Korboe, GD Garrod. "A Comparison of original owners and inheritors in housing supply and extension in Kumasi, Ghana". Environment and Planning B., 24 889-902 1997.
  • Garrod GD, Willis KG, Bjarnadottir H, Cockbain P. The non-priced benefits of renovating historic buildings: A case study of Newcastle's Grainger Town. Cities 1996, 13(6), 423-430.
  • Garrod GD, Willis KG. Estimating the benefits of environmental enhancement: A case study of the River Darent. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 1996, 39(2), 189-203.
  • Willis KG, Garrod GD, Benson JF, Carter M. Benefits and costs of the Wildlife Enhancement Scheme: A case study of the Pevensey Levels. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 1996, 39(3), 387-401.

• Authored Books

  • Garrod GD, Whitby MC. Strategic Countryside Management. Oxford: Elsevier, 2005.
  • Garrod GD, Willis KG. Economic Valuation of the Environment: Methods and Case Studies. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 1999.
  • Garrod GD, Willis KG. Economic Valuation of the Environment: Methods and Case Studies. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 1999.

• Book Chapters

  • Austin R, Garrod GD. Making rural partnerships work. In: Mansfield, L, ed. Managing Upland Resources: New Approaches for Rural Environments. Dunbeath: Whittles Publishing Ltd, 2018, pp.457-469.
  • Thompson N, Garrod G. Sustainable development in England's national parks. In: Hammer, T; Mose, I; Siegrist, D; Weixlbaumer, N, ed. Parks of the Future: Protected Areas in Europe Challenging Regional and Global Change. Munich, Germany: oekom, 2016, pp.149-159.
  • Turpin N, Stapleton LM, Perret E, van der Heide MC, Garrod GD, Brouwer F, Voltr V, Cairol D. Assessment of Multifuctionality and Jointness of Production. In: Brouwer, FM; van Ittersum, M, ed. Environmental and Agricultural Modelling: Integrated Approaches for Policy Impact Assessment. New York: Springer, 2010, pp.11-36.
  • Garrod GD, Willis KG. Northumbria: castles, cathedrals and towns. In: Navrud, S, and Ready, RC, ed. Valuing Cultural Heritage: applying environmental valuation techniques to historic buildings, monuments and artifacts. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2002, pp.40-52.
  • Garrod GD, Willis KG. Estimating lost amenity due to landfill waste disposal. In: Turner, RK, Bateman, IJ, and Powell, J, ed. Waste Management and Planning. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2001.

• Edited Books

  • Willis KG, Garrod G, ed. Valuing Environment and Natural Resources. Volume 2. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2012.
  • Willis KG, Garrod G, ed. Valuing Environment and Natural Resources. Volume 1. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2012.

• Editorial

  • Hubbard C, Alvim AM, Garrod G. Brazilian Agriculture as a Global Player. EuroChoices 2017, 16(1), 3-4.

• Reports

  • Reed MS, Kenter JO, Hansda R, Martin J, Curtis T, Prior S, Hay M, Saxby H, Mills L, Post J, Garrod G, Proctor A, Collins O, Guy JA, Stewart G, Whittingham M. Social barriers and opportunities to the implementation of the England Peat Strategy : Final report. Newcastle upon Tyne: Natural England and Defra, Newcastle University, 2020.
  • Garrod G, Philipson J, Rowe F, Shortall S, Shucksmith M, Liddon A. After Brexit: 10 key questions for rural policy in England. Newcastle: Centre for Rural Economy, Newcastle University, 2018.
  • Phillipson J, Shucksmith M, Turner R, Garrod G, Lowe P, Harvey D, Talbot H, Scott K, Carroll T, Gkartzios M, Hubbard C, Ruto E, Woods A. Rural economies: incubators and catalysts for sustainable growth. Newcastle upon Tyne: Centre for Rural Economy, Newcastle University, 2011.